Popular Posts

Sunday, February 20, 2011

History of Gold Mining in Ghana

Ghana has a long history of mining, especially for gold. Gold from West Africa was traded to Europe at least as early as the tenth century. Most of this gold came by Sahara caravan, the original sources being the kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. In the early colonial time, it is thought that annually more than a quarter of a million ounces of gold reached Europe from African sources. Based mainly on native workings, numerous gold deposits, both bedrock and placer, were rediscovered during the latter part of the nineteenth century throughout Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ghana, Nigeria, and the other nations of the Gold Coast. 
The Precambrian auriferous Tarkwa conglomerates of Ghana were developed in a modern way during the period 1876-1882 by Pierre Bonnat, the father of modern gold mining in the Gold Coast. In 1895, Ashanti Goldfields Corporation began work in the Obuasi district of Ghana, developing the Ashanti and other mines, which have produced the largest proportion of gold since 1900 in the countries of the Gold Coast. All of these deposits are of Precambrian age. 
At the Obuasi mine, over the years, 25 million ounces of gold were mined. At Bogoso, since mining operations commenced in 1873, more than nine million ounces of gold were produced, largely from extensive underground operations.

GOLD AND PRECIOUS METALS INFORMATION:
Gold is one of the most precious metals in the world. It is present in the rivers, seas, and the earth’s crust and trace amounts are present in plants and animals. It is, however, difficult and expensive to extract. In modern mining operations approximately 3 tons of ore are needed to extract one ounce of gold. The many desirable qualities found in gold, along with its scarcity, have made it the most popular metal for use in jewellery today. 

PROPERTIES OF GOLD
Gold in its pure state:
·         Has a melting point of 1945 degrees Fahrenheit (1063 degrees Celsius). When alloyed (chemically combined) with other base metals the melting temperature of the resulting alloy is changed. 18K yellow gold has a melting point of 1675 degrees Fahrenheit and 14K yellow gold has a melting point of about 1550 degrees Fahrenheit.

·         Has a specific gravity of 19.33. It is relatively heavy compared to most metals, such as silver (SG 10.7) or iron (SG 7.8). A notable exception is platinum (SG 21.4).

·         Is more malleable than any other metal and can be hammered into foil so thin that it is almost transparent.

·         Has a unique ductility property allowing it to be drawn into wire so fine it can barely be seen.

·         Is deep yellow in color. Its great reflectivity properties help keep its brightness and color from fading with time.

·         Will not rust, tarnish or corrode. Gold jewellery recovered from ancient Egyptian tombs is in the same state as when placed there over 4000 years ago.

·         Is softer than most other metals. On the Mohs scale of hardness (which is a measure of a gemstone or mineral’s resistance to scratching), gold has a hardness value of 2 to 2.5. Diamond has a value of 10. Pure gold may easily be scratched. Fortunately, gold becomes harder when alloyed with other base metals.

·         Is relatively scarce and therefore expensive. It is estimated that only 125,000 tons of gold have been mined the world over since the beginning of time.

·         Is able to bond with other base metals. This property gives rise to the many different colors available in modern gold alloys.  

FINENESS (KARAT VALUE)
Since ancient times the purity of gold has been defined by the term karat, which is 1/24 part of pure gold by weight. Pure gold is equivalent to 24K. Gold purity may also be described by its fineness, which is the amount of pure gold in parts per 1000. For example, a gold ring containing 583 fine gold has 583 parts (58.3%) gold and 417 parts (41.7%) of other base metals. 
Karat Value Definitions:
·          Karat System: A system of measurement based on 24 karats being "fine" or "pure" gold. 1 karat equals 1/24th fine gold by weight. This is the system used in the United States.

·         Plumb Gold: Karat weights are usually determined with a small, fractional variance allowed. Karat gold which has no variance and is exactly the precise fractional karat weight is called "plumb" gold.

·         European System: A system of measurement based on a fraction of 1,000; or the number of grams of gold in 1 kilogram of alloy.
The following table lists the relationship between different international gold markings. 
GOLD KARAT INFORMATION CHART
Karat Gold
Parts Gold
Percentage Gold
Normal European Stamping
9 kt
9 in 24
37.50%
375
10 kt
10 in 24
41.67%
416
12 kt
12 in 24
50%
500
14 kt
14 in 24
58.33%
583 or 585
18 kt
18 in 24
75%
750
22 kt
22 in 24
91.67%
917
24 kt
24 in 24
99.99%
999 or .99999

WEIGHING PRECIOUS METALS:
The weight of a piece of gold jewellery is a factor that helps to determine its value. It is important because it is an indication of the amount of fine gold in an item of jewellery. Grams (g) and pennyweights (dwt) are the units of weight most commonly used in weighing gold. Gold and silver are almost always weighted in the troy system of weights where one pound troy equals twelve troy ounces and twenty pennyweights equals’ one troy ounce. The Avoirdupois weight system, where one pound equals 16 ounces, is used in the United States for most everything except precious metals. The following table summarizes useful weight conversions. 

WEIGHT CONVERSION TABLE
1 gram (g)
= 0.643 dwt = 0.0032 oz t = 0.035 oz av
1 pennyweight (dwt)
= 1.555 g = 0.05 oz t = 0.055 oz av
1 troy ounce (oz t)
= 31.103 g = 20 dwt = 1.097 oz av
1 ounce avoirdupois (oz av)
= 28.3495 g = 18.229 dwt = 0.911 oz t


The New Minerals and Mining Act 703, 2006
The purpose of the Act is to revise the existing Minerals and Mining Law, 1986 (PNDC Law 153) to reflect in our laws, new thinking and developments in the mining industry and to consolidate it with the enactment on small scale gold Mining. The PNDC Law 153, when it was enacted in 1986, was hailed as one of the best enactments on the subject in Africa and made Ghana an attractive destination for mining investment.
However, after nearly two decades of operation of the Law, it has been realized that development in the mining industry requires a revision of the Law to reflect international best practices in the industry, as well as to re-position Ghana as a major mining investment destination in Africa. The provision by Law, of an internationally competitive framework that ensures a stable and equitable tax regime and also takes cognizance of environmental protection as well as community interests is necessary in order to provide the basis for the development and sustainability of mining in the country. 

Welcome to the Web Portal of the Mining Authorities of Ghana.
The Ministry of Lands, Forestry and Mines (Mines Section) and its Agencies offer to provide a transparent information source and equal opportunities for all investors and the general public. 

History of Ghana
Medieval Ghana (4th - 13th Century): The Republic of Ghana is named after the medieval Ghana Empire of West Africa. The actual name of the Empire was Wagadugu. Ghana was the title of the kings who ruled the kingdom. It was controlled by Sundiata in 1240 AD, and absorbed into the larger Mali Empire. (Mali Empire reached its peak of success under Mansa Musa around 1307.)
Geographically, the old Ghana is 500 miles north of the present Ghana, and occupied the area between Rivers Senegal and Niger. Some inhabitants of present Ghana had ancestors linked with the medieval Ghana. This can be traced down to the Mande and Voltaic peoeple of Northern Ghana--Mamprussi, Dagomba and the Gonja. Anecdotal evidence connected the Akans to this great Empire. The evidence lies in names like Danso shared by the Akans of present Ghana and Mandikas of Senegal/Gambia who have strong links with the Empire. There is also the matrilineal connection.

Gold Coast & European Exploration: Before March 1957 Ghana was called the Gold Coast. The Portuguese who came to Ghana in the 15th Century found so much gold between the rivers Ankobra and the Volta that they named the place Mina - meaning Mine. The Gold Coast was later adopted to by the English colonisers. Similarily, the French, equally impressed by the trinkets worn by the coastal people, named The Ivory Coast, Cote d'Ivoire. In 1482, the Portuguese built a castle in Elmina. Their aim was to trade in gold, ivory and slaves. In 1481 King John II of Portugal sent Diego d'Azambuja to build this castle.
In 1598 the Dutch joined them, and built forts at Komenda and Kormantsil. In 1637 they captured the castle from the Portuguese and that of Axim in 1642 (Fort St Anthony). Other European traders joined in by the mid 18th century. These were the English, Danes and Swedes. The coastline were dotted by forts built by the Dutch, British and the Dane merchants. By the latter part of 19th century the Dutch and the British were the only traders left. And when the Dutch withdrew in 1874, Britain made the Gold Coast a crown colony.
By 1901 the Ashanti and the North were made a protectorate

Britain and the Gold Coast. The first Britons arrived in the early 19th century as traders in Ghana. But with their close relationship with the coastal people especially the Fantes, the Ashantis became their enemies.
Economic and Social Development (Before 1957)
1874--Gold Mine in Wassa and Asante. Between 1946-1950 gold export rose from 6 million pounds to 9 million pounds.
Political Movements and Nationalism in Ghana (1945 - 1957)
The educated Ghanaians had always been in the fore-front of constructive movements. Names that come into mind are --Dr Aggrey, George Ferguson, John Mensah Sarbah. Others like king Ghartey IV of Winneba, Otumfuo Osei Agyeman Prempeh I raised the political consciousness of their subjects. However, movements towards political freedom started soon after WWII.This happened because suddenly people realised the colonisation was a form of oppression, similar to the oppression they have just fought against. The war veterans had become radical. The myth surrounding the whiteman has been broken. The rulers were considered economic cheats, their arogance had become very offensive. They had the ruling class attitude, and some of the young District Commissioner (DC) treated the old chiefs as if they were their subjects. Local pay was bad. No good rural health or education policy. Up to 1950 the Govt Secondary schools in the country were 2, the rest were built by the missionaries. 

There was also the rejection of African culture to some extent. Some external forces also contributed to this feeling. African- Americans such as Marcus Garvey and WE Du Bois raised strong Pan-African conscience.
In 1945 a conference was held in Manchester to promote Pan African ideas. This was attended by Nkrumah of Ghana, Azikwe of Nigeria and Wallace Johnson of Sierra Leone. The India and Pakistani independence catalysed this desire. Sir Alan Burns constitution of 1946 provided new legislative council that was made of the Governor as the President, 6 government officials, 6 nominated members and 18 elected members.
The executive council was not responsible to the legislative council. They were only in advisory capacity, and the governor did not have to take notice. These forces made Dr J.B. Danquah to form the United Gold Coast Conversion (UGCC) in 1947. Nkrumah was invited to be the General Secretary to this party. Other officers were George Grant (Paa Grant), Akuffo Addo, William Ofori Atta, Obetsebi Lamptey, Ako Agyei, and J Tsiboe. Their aim was Independence for Ghana. They rejected the Burns constitution.    

88 comments:

  1. Malaysia & Singapore & brunei finest internet blogshop for wholesale & supply
    korean add-ons, earrings, earstuds, pendant, rings, bracelet, bangle
    & hair accessories. Deal 35 % wholesale price cut. Ship Worldwide
    Have a look at my homepage : emergency plumber

    ReplyDelete
  2. Thanks for finally talking about > "History of Gold Mining in Ghana" < Liked it!
    Feel free to surf my website - Western Australia

    ReplyDelete
  3. Hmm is anyone else experiencing problems with the images on this blog loading?
    I'm trying to find out if its a problem on my end or if it's the
    blog. Any responses would be greatly appreciated.
    Also see my web site :: builder in winter garden

    ReplyDelete
  4. Pretty! This was an incredibly wonderful post. Many thanks for providing this information.
    Also see my webpage - sailboat charter ecommerce specialist

    ReplyDelete
  5. I am regular visitor, how are you everybody? This article posted at this web page is truly good.
    Also see my web site: Smith Mountain Lake Rentals

    ReplyDelete
  6. Hi there this is kinda of off topic but I was wanting to know if blogs use WYSIWYG editors or
    if you have to manually code with HTML. I'm starting a blog soon but have no coding expertise so I wanted to get advice from someone with experience. Any help would be greatly appreciated!

    my webpage :: grand-jewelry

    ReplyDelete
  7. I understand that those are the products designed by manufacturers to make them money and if they are endorsed
    by winning popular professionals, sales will be high.
    However, every character in the game (even supporting players) should
    be presented in this same detail. For the purposes of this game, a "set"
    is at least three cards of equal value such as three Jacks or three fours and
    a "sequence" is made up of at least four cards that are
    of the same suit and run sequentially such as three, four, five, and
    six of spades.

    Also visit my blog ... http://www.biccywiki.org/tiki-index.php?page=UserPageezrabqqk

    ReplyDelete
  8. You don't have to hit the gym for two and three hours each day to lose weight, but it does help to squeeze in 30 minutes of physical activity each day. Cucumber contains sterols which can help to lower cholesterol and prevent carbohydrates from converting to body fat. Hence, broccoli is a must-add ingredient in your vegetarian weight loss diet.

    Feel free to visit my web page: Recommended Web page

    ReplyDelete
  9. 'He is a very approachable guy and is always open to new ideas. You can even get a listing of all local stations in your area as well. So you can imagine how much your choice has increased from before.

    My web blog http://www.jollans.com/tiki2/tiki-index.php?page=UserPagejanicepri

    ReplyDelete
  10. Una Musica Brutal, by Gotan Project: from Buddha Bar IV.
    As we ate, not only did our waitress check back with us to see if we required anything
    further, but the manager stopped by as well. We are literally not
    the same person we were a minute ago, let alone a day,
    a month or a year ago.

    My webpage ... similar resource site

    ReplyDelete
  11. Upon examining some etymological dictionaries, one can conclude
    that games are a creative expression of the human spirit through the creation of an activity
    that has an entertaining, instructive and competing element.
    Don't leave the landscape designing and terrain optimization to the last moment. You can also customize the car including retractable hanggliders.

    Have a look at my web site - http://dblab.kangwon.ac.kr/?document_srl=26907

    ReplyDelete
  12. There are many free online games readily available for young kids, teens, as well as grown ups.
    While having a passion for playing games is important,
    getting a rewarding career in game design will require students to be a cut
    above the competition. It's fast to build and play and will challenge your memory.

    Review my blog post - kostenlos spielen - www.myunghamchul.com

    ReplyDelete
  13. "Worked All Zones Award" is the same concept with time
    zones. It was an entertaining radio program
    that played the music people wanted to hear combined with his groovy upbeat
    personality. These channels offer a variety of genres for the user.


    my weblog - K-Love Radio Online Christmas Music

    ReplyDelete
  14. 'He is a very approachable guy and is always open to new ideas. In addition to music, they broadcast preaching and teaching from Jimmy Swaggert and other pastors and teachers who work with the ministry. Using a little exploration (which you happen to be clearly working on proper now), expenditure in your business here is exactly the instructions to use the medium to your benefit.

    Here is my page ... rydbikes.com

    ReplyDelete
  15. Facebook has groups, applications, and many of the exact same features of My - Space, delivered in just about the
    same way. This is a list of some tricks to
    connect to Facebook from work or place of study when it has been blocked:.
    (Although, I also believe that there is something in them that
    might be and seek to reverse, too.

    My weblog ... 2013 at 9:53 pm

    ReplyDelete
  16. According to statistics, "Internet radio attracts an upper-income audience, with weekly Internet radio listeners 36% more likely to live in a household with annual income of $100K+ than the general US population 18+".
    In addition to music, there is a wealth of other audio and informational materials out
    there to investigate. Some radio stations have
    also started making use of streaming MP3 format, which could be played through Winamp.


    Also visit my web site: internetradio - www.wk2006cam.nl

    ReplyDelete
  17. Indeed the Koobface Facebook video virus is dangerous and now some
    experts like PC Tools says it's also been seen on Twitter and My - Space. If you already have your Facebook fan or business page created you will need to have 25 fans or "LIKES" in order to create a custom URL. On top to the number of friends, you can get social proof using your wall ' all you need is
    few people who write on your wall on regular basis.

    my page facebook likes kaufen

    ReplyDelete
  18. com provides information on Fishing, Fly Fishing, Fishing Boats, Deep
    Sea Fishing and. Never dawned on me that they might want to try it, so I was surprised one day in the late-eighties when my son called and
    said they wanted to go fishing. When the water arrives at the inlet, most oxygen is dissolved because of the abrupt transformation of water movement.


    Take a look at my webpage - visit The next page - www.wjaheart.com

    ReplyDelete
  19. Indeed the Koobface Facebook video virus is dangerous and now some experts like PC
    Tools says it's also been seen on Twitter and My - Space. You can also change how many are displayed in this box. Link ' Recommend sites to other users and vice versa.


    Feel free to surf to my web site please click the next internet page - multimedia.stisitelkom.ac.id

    ReplyDelete
  20. Use all tools to demonstrate your innovative thinking and to plan an impeccable happening.
    You need to make real efforts towards inviting your friends to your fan page.
    Anyone with a fire in the belly can achieve something
    through Facebook marketing.

    Here is my website :: Full Report - www.blogs.mmu.ac.uk

    ReplyDelete
  21. The developers are saying that Defiance is a pixel perfect shooter,
    so if you aim at your target's head it WILL be a headshot instead of the invisible dice rolling a 5 and telling you that you somehow missed. The only downside of it in a lot of people's eyes is
    the fact that there is no multiplayer content. Preparing to apply to the dozens of other game development companies for video game jobs will enable you to expand and diversify your list of possible employers, and your chances
    of getting hired will increase tremendously.

    Here is my web-site; full Metal alchemist

    ReplyDelete
  22. Pandora is built around algorithms that will customize the stations based on input from the user
    and will match other songs based on melody, tone, and other aspects of
    the music selected. You can even get a listing of all
    local stations in your area as well. Shoutcast, Live365, and
    Yahoo Launch - Cast are some of the renowned Internet radio networks.


    Also visit my weblog; http://www.cdp.tti.sfedu.ru/

    ReplyDelete
  23. These are not empty words which are uttered by a disciple
    of Jesus who anyone would anticipate to say such
    as this. For instance i - Pod users will have difficulty syncing their devices with i - Tunes; the popular media
    player, sync and marketplace application isn't available on Linux. Individuals have acquired different software and programe through which you could download these videos.

    Feel free to visit my web blog - 1

    ReplyDelete
  24. Congress tried in 2007 to pass a measure that would lock in
    the rate that could be charged through 2010 at 7.
    Another consideration when choosing your software is whether you will
    be connecting to a single stream or multiple streams.
    com ( is the home site for a radio station only on the internet which provides exactly
    what it says: Worship music.

    My web blog ... Kassandra - forums.snapstream.com

    ReplyDelete
  25. There are many free online games readily available for young kids, teens, as well as
    grown ups. While having a passion for playing games is important, getting a rewarding career
    in game design will require students to be a cut above the competition.
    It is recommended that the golfers select those putters with which the
    golfers feel good and works well with their gaming pattern.


    Also visit my web site :: kostenlos spielen

    ReplyDelete
  26. But also since then, we as a country, and as just as well, a world,
    have become basically addicted and dependent on our radios.

    One of the best internet radio apps I've found so far on the Windows Phone 7 Marketplace is for Last. " Many of these people knew that drugs were wrong, but elected the easy route of following the popular opinion.

    My web site :: http://familymeyer.de/family/blog1/?p=8

    ReplyDelete
  27. The most attractive feature of an online radio tuner is its ability to record
    what you're listening to. In addition to music, there is a wealth of other audio and informational materials out there to investigate. Do I have a niche or speciality that is going to make my station unique and successful.

    My blog :: Click on www.enewhope.org - www.enewhope.org

    ReplyDelete
  28. According to statistics, "Internet radio attracts an upper-income audience, with weekly Internet radio listeners 36% more likely to live in a household with annual income of $100K+ than the general US population 18+".
    Pandora is free (ad-supported), but you can buy an upgrade for no
    ads and other improvements. Individuals have acquired different software and programe through which you could download these videos.


    my page http://moodle.esev.ipv.pt/aeviso/user/view.php?id=9673&course=1

    ReplyDelete
  29. These are not empty words which are uttered by a disciple of
    Jesus who anyone would anticipate to say such as this.

    If you want to know what folks are listening to and talking about on the opposite coast, Fly -
    Cast is terrific. This is a fantastic app for people who travel and it
    now supports multitasking.

    Check out my homepage - Skip Navigation

    ReplyDelete
  30. Over time, many of these radio personnel will be
    readily agreeable to featuring the entrepreneur whenever they release new products or services.
    In addition to music, there is a wealth of other audio and informational materials out there to investigate.
    You can in fact lend your ears to varied musical programs on rock music, jazz, country music and many more.


    Feel free to visit my website :: 1

    ReplyDelete
  31. These are not empty words which are uttered by a disciple of Jesus who anyone would anticipate to say such as this.
    Another consideration when choosing your software is whether you will
    be connecting to a single stream or multiple streams.
    " Many of these people knew that drugs were wrong, but elected the easy route of following the popular opinion.

    Here is my homepage; click the up coming post

    ReplyDelete
  32. In most cases they are, but when it comes to updates, patches, etc to the mmorpgs.

    This way you are not disappointed when you get residence, and you won't have to make a excursion back to the shop. As ever we strive to help our customers make informed decisions and understand where their r4 cards are coming from.

    Stop by my webpage :: http://www.dbis.edu.hk/member/46351/

    ReplyDelete
  33. Let's think of words that sound dirty but really aren't.
    they simply need to learn that you will not be able to appease everyone of your player-base.
    We carry R4 SDHC, DSTT, R4i SDHC, Acekard 2i, EZFlash Vi, M3i Zero,
    and now the i - Edge.

    Here is my homepage ... http://www.spielespielen24.de

    ReplyDelete
  34. Upon examining some etymological dictionaries, one can conclude that games are a creative
    expression of the human spirit through the creation of an
    activity that has an entertaining, instructive
    and competing element. they simply need to learn
    that you will not be able to appease everyone of your player-base.
    People are now looking to be able to connect to things like their vehicles through their smart phones, and now Buick has announced the release of their new e -
    Assist Fuel Effeciency smartphone games.

    Here is my website ... kostenlos spielen

    ReplyDelete
  35. Literally wiping sweat from my forehead after doing my best 90s dance moves to a memorable
    mix of old school joints from the likes of Special Ed, Eric B.

    Remember that most dorm room radio stations out there may or
    may not be online from time to time and that cannot be blamed on the app, however this does hinder the experience of Internet radio on the i
    - Phone. This is a fantastic app for people who travel and it
    now supports multitasking.

    Also visit my webpage Jameatulquran

    ReplyDelete
  36. Upon examining some etymological dictionaries, one can conclude that games are a creative expression of the human spirit through the
    creation of an activity that has an entertaining,
    instructive and competing element. A bowler who can
    consistently pick up his spares can easily hold a 180 average without getting any
    strikes. It can go as far as ruining their experience since it is the last interaction
    they have with a game.

    my webpage: click through the up coming webpage - www.visitkyogle.com.au

    ReplyDelete
  37. Part 2 of this series on marketing your small business
    using Facebook offers social media marketing tips and guidelines for
    how to attract fans to your Facebook page. You need to make real efforts towards inviting your friends to your fan
    page. The challenge with being on top is that it can get lonely.



    my homepage; mouse click the up coming webpage - www.brownmccarroll.com

    ReplyDelete
  38. We are gold company located in Kenya, we have all types of golds and diamond, we sell at cheap rate, you can contact us for more information, email: info.abdulgoldtrade@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  39. Hi there mates, nice post and pleasant urging commented
    here, I am genuinely enjoying by these.

    Also visit my web blog - acoustic guitar chord

    ReplyDelete
  40. I used to be able to find good advice from your articles.


    Here is my website - sizzling hot deluxe tricks

    ReplyDelete
  41. Have you ever considered creating an ebook or guest authoring on other websites?
    I have a blog based on the same subjects you discuss and
    would love to have you share some stories/information.
    I know my visitors would appreciate your work.
    If you're even remotely interested, feel free to shoot me an e mail.

    Also visit my site - book of ra download free f�book of ra download f�book of ra download pc

    ReplyDelete
  42. Hello mates, its impressive paragraph concerning tutoringand entirely explained,
    keep it up all the time.

    Here is my web site - raspberry ketone diet

    ReplyDelete
  43. Asking questions are in fact nice thing if you are not understanding
    something completely, however this article provides nice understanding even.


    Here is my page ... Books Of Ra Kostenlos Spielen

    ReplyDelete
  44. It's very simple to find out any matter on net as compared to books, as I found this article at this site.
    fans n followers

    ReplyDelete
  45. Good day! This is my first visit to your blog!
    We are a group of volunteers and starting a new project in a community in the same
    niche. Your blog provided us useful information to work on.
    You have done a outstanding job!

    Review my web blog - www.parassachdeva.com

    ReplyDelete
  46. It's going to be ending of mine day, except before finish I am reading this enormous post to improve my knowledge.

    Also visit my weblog :: home cellulite treatment

    ReplyDelete
  47. Hi there to all, it's in fact a fastidious for me to pay a visit this website, it contains priceless Information.

    Look into my web-site - book of rah kostenlos spielen

    ReplyDelete
  48. Howdy, i read your blog from time to time and i
    own a similar one and i was just wondering if you get
    a lot of spam comments? If so how do you stop it, any plugin or anything you can suggest?
    I get so much lately it's driving me mad so any support is very much appreciated.

    Feel free to surf to my site hotgirlsexcam.com

    ReplyDelete
  49. Signing up for the particular Wilton Process Redecorating
    Principles Study course is good for those people
    thinking of getting a jump in cake adorning. There are so
    many great gift ideas for those people who enjoy baking, it makes gift buying
    a lot easier than it used to be. Typically overlooked as practically nothing far more than just
    dessert belittled as a symbol that provides nothing more than a location to stick the
    candles, the birthday cake has lengthy been relegated to 2nd
    tier status in the realm of get together arranging.

    my page - laughinglounge.com

    ReplyDelete
  50. Welcome to Europe, were we actually? care about training for true!


    Here is my weblog :: best pills to stop premature ejaculation

    ReplyDelete
  51. Progressive financial blenders part quite a few speeds up and
    in addition possibilities. Make sure that you ones
    comparing is undoubtedly by the merchandise you want.
    Sporting help to make this strategy much simpler. Self-control is an attribute healthy
    and well balanced in addition to the super fruit methods personal development could become
    near extremely stores furthermore stores. Many of another machine blenders surely have
    safety measures reminiscent of basic safety scalp while the run to become off if the quilt don't seem to be locked decently. Decent institution includes placement released related to treats interior along with moving my option.

    Here is my web-site ... best blender

    ReplyDelete
  52. It's really a great and helpful piece of information. I am glad that you just shared this useful info with us. Please stay us informed like this. Thank you for sharing.

    Look at my web page :: www.babesflick.com

    ReplyDelete
  53. Ahaa, its pleasant dialogue on the topic of this post at
    this place at this webpage, I have read all that, so now
    me also commenting at this place.

    Stop by my weblog - easy diets work fast

    ReplyDelete
  54. Hurrah, that's what I was looking for, what a material! existing here at this webpage, thanks admin of this web page.

    Feel free to visit my web-site: sexvideovoyeur.com

    ReplyDelete
  55. Nevertheless you're likely to milk a wide range of healthy salad, usually the Our omega VRT330 is the perfect choices. Many of these juice machines seem to be sound, utilize a durability cover and work out truly full of natural goodness veggie juice and your household to on top of that benefit for. Just yet, thats not in truth the single diet plans which you just is able to making use of a squash machine.

    Also visit my page ... best ice crushing Blender ratings

    ReplyDelete
  56. Hello! You some kind of professional? Great message. Are you able
    to tell me learn how to subscribe your weblog?


    Also visit my weblog - try to get pregnant

    ReplyDelete
  57. Having read this I believed it was really
    informative. I appreciate you spending some time and energy to put this content together.

    I once again find myself personally spending a lot of time both reading and posting comments.

    But so what, it was still worth it!

    Feel free to visit my webpage - Diets that work for Women

    ReplyDelete
  58. It's in fact very difficult in this busy life to listen news on TV, thus I just use world wide web for that reason, and obtain the most recent news.

    My blog ... mp3 player touchscreen

    ReplyDelete
  59. bookmarked!!, I love your web site!

    my web-site porn film studio

    ReplyDelete
  60. I worry that if I see a lot of bells and whistles in order to
    find a Thai will i ever get a girlfriend or Thai wife.

    If you can adopt this perspective, you will be a caring man, this
    is no fault of these women remember, they're just there. The body will have a positive change.

    Here is my web-site webpage

    ReplyDelete
  61. I could not refrain from commenting. Perfectly
    written!

    Stop by my homepage - horny porn teacher video
    (www.tube8.su)

    ReplyDelete
  62. 5- The real truth about whenever and approaches to use
    each of those dumbbells and equipments to put on excellent muscle quickly.

    When you've got added your details to the program, it is going to give you 3 diets to check out. It will never feature large degrees of filler information, or even lengthy explanations.

    Here is my webpage; Somanabolic Muscle Maximizer Results

    ReplyDelete
  63. Hi there, I found your blog by way of Google whilst searching for a
    related matter, your site came up, it looks good.
    I have bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.
    Hello there, just become aware of your weblog thru
    Google, and located that it is truly informative.
    I'm going to be careful for brussels. I'll be grateful when you
    continue this in future. Numerous people can be benefited out of your writing.
    Cheers!

    my web blog; kinder taucherbrille

    ReplyDelete
  64. I like podcast music ! No lyrics just music

    Feel free to visit my web site: tim tebow muscles shirtless

    ReplyDelete
  65. Hi there, this weekend is fastidious in support of me, since this time i am reading this enormous informative piece of
    writing here at my home.

    Feel free to surf to my site: teichpumpen zubehör []

    ReplyDelete
  66. I hardly drop responses, but I browsed a few comments on this page "History of Gold Mining in Ghana".
    I do have 2 questions for you if it's allright. Is it only me or does it appear like a few of the comments look as if they are coming from brain dead visitors? :-P And, if you are posting at other online sites, I'd
    like to keep up with anything fresh you have to post. Would
    you make a list of the complete urls of your social networking pages like your linkedin profile,
    Facebook page or twitter feed?

    Also visit my site :: calculate bmr

    ReplyDelete
  67. Thank you for some other wonderful article. The place else
    may just anyone get that type of information in such a perfect approach of writing?
    I've a presentation next week, and I'm at the look for such info.



    Feel free to visit my web-site ... how to get more followers on instagram

    ReplyDelete
  68. Gold is considered as one of the top investments. It is still the universal currency which is limited to an extent. As a result it is held by the central banks of the countries all over the world.

    bulliontradingllc.com

    ReplyDelete
  69. Greetings! Very helpful advice in this particular post!
    It is the little changes that will make the most
    important changes. Thanks a lot for sharing!


    Also visit my blog ... www

    ReplyDelete
  70. Those alluvial gold workings and the man power and lack of machinery on the ground is amazing! One image of i saw recently of Ghana was at least 10 meters deep. By hand. Artisanal Gold mining rocks. The white clay level you get is the same as in parts of Australia. Nuggety ground. Awesome piece on Gold too.Thanks

    Kindest Regards
    tas-prospecting.com

    ReplyDelete
  71. Thanks so much for this post! I've been wondering about this a lot lately, and you answered a lot of my questions. Keep up the good work here!

    ReplyDelete
  72. hop online for thousands of Taps, sinks, bathroom, kitchen and shower

    fixtures. FREE SHIPPING on most items. Same day shipping on in stock

    items.http://www.plumpinguk.co.uk/kitchen-taps/wall-mounted-taps.html

    ReplyDelete
  73. Africa is the larger gold production in the world. Mining in Africa has been the main driving force behind the history and development of Africa's most advanced and richest economy. The Mining industry of Ghana accounts for 5% of the country's GDP and minerals make up 37% of total exports, of which gold contributes over 90% of the total mineral exports. Ghana is Africa's 2nd largest gold produce. Ghana is also a major producer of bauxite, manganese and diamonds. The country has 23 large-scale mining companies producing gold, diamonds, bauxite and manganese, and, there are also over 300 registered small scale mining groups and 90 mine support service companies.

    I used to be able to find good advice from your articles.

    Visit my web blog :

    Technology Industry Of Gold Mining

    Basic Processing Of Gold Mining

    ReplyDelete
  74. I think silver will be one of the Schelling points.

    The problem I have with your Ben and Chen example is suppose Ben never repays the debt.

    I agree the price of gold shouldn't be fixed, but also think payment should only be accepted in gold in order to ensure that Ben starts working to repay the loan at some point.

    "You see, the very key to understanding Freegold may actually lie in understanding the difference between gold and silver with regard to their commodity versus monetary wealth reserve functions." al3ab66.com

    ReplyDelete
  75. Too cool!
    I’m truly enjoying the design and layout of your blog of VMR Mining Blog . It’s a very easy on the eyes which makes it much more pleasant for me to come here and visit more often. Did you hire out a designer to create your theme?
    Excellent work!

    check this fantastic post give your truly feedback http://vmrminingupdate.blogspot.in

    ReplyDelete
  76. Thanks for sharing useful information for us.I really enjoyed reading your blog, you have lots of great content.Please visit here: list of 2 star hotels accra

    ReplyDelete
  77. Thanks for sharing about Gold mining history of Ghana. I enjoyed reading your article. Keep sharing.

    ReplyDelete
  78. Yes i am totally agreed with this article and i just want say that this article is very nice and very informative article.I will make sure to be reading your blog more. You made a good point but I can't help but wonder, what about the other side? !!!!!!THANKS!!!!!! gold mining stocks

    ReplyDelete
  79. This is just the information I am finding everywhere. Thanks for your blog, I just subscribe your blog. This is a nice blog.. gold mine investment

    ReplyDelete
  80. When It Comes To Personal Loans * Business Loans etc., Contact Us Today Via E-mail: SuiteCapitals@gmail.com ( SuiteCapitals@post.com ) It’s Imperative To Work With The Right Company. We Help You Get The Best Rate For Your Business Loan Regardless Of Your Credit!!! If You Are Looking For A Personal Loans * Business Loans etc., You Have Come To The Right Place. Contact Us Today For More Information Through Via E-mail: SuiteCapitals@gmail.com ( SuiteCapitals@post.com )

    Do You Need A Loan To Consolidate Your Debt At 1.0%? Or A Personal Loans * Business Loans etc. Interested Parties Should Contact Us For More Information Through Via E-mail: SuiteCapitals@gmail.com ( SuiteCapitals@post.com )

    We Offers Financial Consulting To Client, Companies Seeking Debt / Loan Financing And Seeking For Working Capital To Start A New Business Or To Expand Existing Business. Interested Parties Should Contact Us For More Information Through Via E-mail: SuiteCapitals@gmail.com ( SuiteCapitals@post.com )

    Kindly write us back with the loan information;
    - Complete Name:
    - Loan amount needed:
    - Loan Duration:
    - Purpose of loan:
    - City / Country:
    - Telephone:
    - How Did You Hear About Us:

    Do You Need A Loan To Consolidate Your Debt At 1.0%? Or A Personal Loans * Business Loans etc. Interested Parties Should Contact Us For More Information Through Via E-mail: SuiteCapitals@gmail.com ( SuiteCapitals@post.com )

    We Offers Financial Consulting To Client, Companies Seeking Debt / Loan Financing And Seeking For Working Capital To Start A New Business Or To Expand Existing Business. Interested Parties Should Contact Us For More Information Through Via E-mail: SuiteCapitals@gmail.com ( SuiteCapitals@post.com )

    When It Comes To Personal Loans * Business Loans etc., Contact Us Today Via E-mail: SuiteCapitals@gmail.com ( SuiteCapitals@post.com ) It’s Imperative To Work With The Right Company. We Help You Get The Best Rate For Your Business Loan Regardless Of Your Credit!!! If You Are Looking For A Personal Loans * Business Loans etc., You Have Come To The Right Place. Contact Us Today For More Information Through Via E-mail: SuiteCapitals@gmail.com ( SuiteCapitals@post.com )

    ReplyDelete

  81. PLEASE READ!!!! PLEASE READ!!!! PLEASE READ!!!! PLEASE READ!!!!

    Hey Guys!!!Am so happy I got mine from Mike Fisher. My blank ATM card can withdraw $2,000 daily. I got it from Her last week and now I have $14,000 for free. The blank ATM withdraws money from any ATM machines and there is no name on it, it is not traceable and now i have money for business and enough money for me and my family to live on .I am really happy i met Mike Fisher because i met two people before her and they took my money not knowing that they were scams. But am happy now. Mike Fisher sent the card through DHL and i got it in two days. Get your own card from her now she is not like other scammer pretending to have the ATM card,She is giving it out for free to help people even if it is illegal but it helps a lot and no one ever gets caught. i'm grateful to Mike Fisher because she changed my story all of a sudden . The card works in all countries except, Mali and Nigeria. Mike Fisher email address is blankatm002@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  82. Buy Gold from 200 grams to 50 kgs in one shipment these days on the satisfactory charges for the best pleasant gold mined from the democratic republic of Congo.

    ReplyDelete
  83. Buy Gold from 200 grams to 50 kgs in one shipment these days on the satisfactory charges for the best pleasant gold mined from the democratic republic of Congo.

    ReplyDelete
  84. Hello! I'm Aulakh K Rupinder from Victoria Australia. I am a professional binary options broker/trade expert, I coach/mentor aspiring internet entrepreneurs on how to build a stable and steady source of passive income through online trade. I will like to know if you are familiar with Binary Options trade? Kindly contact aulakhkrupinder@gmail.com to get/learn more about Binary Options trade, how it works, it's benefits and how you can get started.

    ReplyDelete
  85. I will always advice, that when you want to trade, you should seek the assistance of a well trained personnel. I've been trading with Richard Smith and it would be selfish of me, if i don't recommend them. With their well guarded signals and forever active(master class) strategies i have been able to make over 11,200usd weekly, he offers services to both experience and inexperience trader and also make recovery of lost funds So feel free reach out to him on email: richardsmith2488@gmail.com
    WhatsApp: +1 225-277-1646

    ReplyDelete
  86. I am always searching online for articles that can help me. There is obviously a lot to know about this. I think you made some good points in Features also. Keep working, great job ! buy gold in abu dhabi

    ReplyDelete
  87. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete